P, s, and surface waves seismic waves can either be body waves or surface waves but the full story is far more complex. Although their occurrence is little affected by what we do or think, it is the task of earth scientists to keep studying them from all possible angles until ways and means are found to. Gcse 91 physics and combined science seismic waves exploring earths structure using seismic waves. This worksheet gives a brief reading selection about the three types of earthquake waves. Use target reading skills as you read about seismic waves, complete the graphic organizer by. P primary waves, s secondary waves, and shear waves. Pwaves and swaves by labeling the illustrations pwave and swave. Earthquakes and seismic waves westerville city schools. Longitudinal waves have vibrations in the same direction as that in which they are travelling e. Earth material must behave elastically to transmit them. Earthquakes cause waves, called seismic waves, to travel through earth. However, where a free surface is present like the earthair interface these two types of. What are the three types of seismic waves produced during an earthquake. Wait until all the vibrations have died down before releasing these coils and creating a transverse s.
You may make a copy in the file menu to type your answers directly into a document, or print out this page and write in the answers. This quiz worksheet combo is designed to assess your understanding of the amount of damage caused by different seismic waves during an earthquake. Seismic waves carry energy from an earthquake away from the focus, through earths interior, and across the surface. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. These rolling waves are a combination of compressional and transverse waves. This fact sheet uses data from the 1994 magnitude 6. Both p and s waves can travel through solid rock, but only p waves can pass through a fluid medium. Using seismic waves to image earths internal structure barbara romanowicz seismic waves generated in earths interior provide images that help us to better understand the pattern of mantle convection that drives plate motions. Seismic waves practice questions base your answer to question 1 on the diagram below, which shows models of two types of earthquake waves. The december 26, 2004 sumatra earthquake is chosen as the source of seismic waves but this lesson can be.
Seismic waves earthquakes discovering geology british. Sep, 2012 seismicwaves program student worksheet september, 2012 by kyle students investigate how seismic waves travel through earths internal layers and bounce and bend at internal boundaries between mantle, outer core, and inner core. The surface waves act similar to ocean waves in which the disturbance and movement can be seen along the surface. This also means that they transfer energy parallel to the direction of the wave. Earthquake waves printable 5th 8th grade teachervision. Earthquakes create seismic waves that travel through the earth. Equations of motion and boundary conditions for the propagation of seismic waves in a nondispersive medium 30 4. Tes global ltd is registered in england company no 02017289 with its registered office. Label the following parts in the wave drawing below. What happens to pwaves when they strike the inner core. Students investigate how seismic waves travel through earths internal layers and bounce and bend at internal boundaries between mantle, outer core, and inner core. Because of the elastic properties of earth materials rocks. P waves move the earth back and forth in the direction the wave is traveling.
A longitudinal p wave has the ability to move through solid rock and fluid rock, like water or the semiliquid layers of the earth. These disturbances produce local changes in stress and. The degree of elasticity determines how well they are transmitted. What do engineers build and use to test how well a. Wait until all the vibrations have died down before releasing these coils and creating a transverse swave that bounces up and down the whole length. Pull one end of the slinky about 5 coils in from the end at right angles to the length until it is deflected about 12 diameters. Seismic wave propagation and earth models gfzpublic. A cpd course for all aqa gcse 91 geography teachers wanting to maximise the performance of their year 11 geography students in 2020. P waves move rocks back and forth, like a wave passing through a spring toy when you push in the coils. For s waves, the students remain in the same place. Some of these waves are compressional, and others are transverse.
Ihen these waves reach eartys surface at the epicen ter, surface waves developa waves the first waves to arrive axe primazy. During large earthquakes, a massive amount of energy is released which travels in all directions in the form of seismic waves. On longitudinal waves in two contacting media 35 5. Learners also do not always realise that the energy of the waves pulls and pushes the rock particles and that seismic waves involve the long distance net motion of. What type of seismic waves move at the greatest velocity speed 10. As they travel through earths in terior, seismic waves do not follow straight paths.
What type of wave is shown traveling through the core. Primary waves, secondary waves and surface waves primary or pwaves these waves can travel through fluids and solids and are longitudinal this means they transfer their energy through compression, like a slinky forming compressed areas when you push one end sound is also an example of a longitudinal wave. I did a little research and found some really good worksheets that are used in. These waves travel outward from the source of the earthquake along the surface and through the earth at different velocities depending on the materials that they move through. Seismology and the earths deep interior elasticity and seismic waves elasticity theoryelasticity theory a timedependent perturbation of an elastic medium e. The seismic waves that cause most damage to buildings are a kind of rolling waves. Students learn about the types of seismic waves produced by earthquakes and how they move the. Earthquake waves in this activity, students create model buildings from toothpicks. Then students will complete 2 short answer questions. Tes global ltd is registered in england company no 02017289 with its registered office at 26 red lion square london wc1r 4hq. Explain why this is the only wave type shown in the core. Love waves and rayleigh waves are the two types of surface waves. Seismic waves lesson overview in this lesson, students will read from their textbook, take notes, compare and contrast, and use slinkys to learn about seismic waves.
Deep inside the earth, rocks are constantly being pressured to move until the strain is so great the rocks can no longer bear the tension. Students complete the graphic organizer on the 3 types of seismic waves by putting out the picture and descriptions and gluing them in the correct boxes. Seismic waves blue primary waves followed by red secondary waves move outward in concentric circles from the epicenter of an earthquake off british columbia and washington state. Compression waves have small amplitudes and can travel at around 4.
Shear waves on the other hand have larger amplitudes and travel at a. Using seismic waves to image earths internal structure. Earthquakes and seismic waves this section explains how energy from an earthquake travels through earth, how it can be detected, and how the size of an earthquake can be measured. A the focus of the earthquake is directly below the epicenter. This quizworksheet combo is designed to assess your understanding of the amount of damage caused by different seismic waves during an earthquake. The student is then asked to cut out various pictures or words to show understanding of the reading selection and paste into the appropriate location. Earthquake and seismic waves geography study material. Collect slinkies and distribute the student worksheet. A p body wave primary body wave is a compressional longitudinal wave that induces the particles in the rock to vibrate back and forth in the same direction the wave moves. Study seismic waves flashcards at proprofs you cant drill very far into the crust of the earth only about 12km, but luckily scientists can use the seismic waves produced by earthquakes to investigate the earths inner surface. It pushes and pulls the rock it moves through in the same way sound waves push and pull the air. Worksheet teachers version 44 kb doc worksheet student version 43 kb doc worksheet differentiated student version 43 kb doc possible results 1192 kb pdf. Students complete 23 matching terms with definitions and draw the superposition of two waves shown. Read each page it is only a few paragraphs each time and then answer the questions.
Body waves are generated by the energy released at the focus hypocenter. Compare and contrast seismic waves to ripples on water. Schmidts experiment and the theory of characteristics 25 3. Surface waves travel along the ground, outward from an earthquakes epicenter. The worksheet allows students to compare properties of p and s waves. Use with chapter 19 seismic waves science with mrs. Cpd for teachers success in aqa gcse 91 geography 2020. An earthquake is the shaking that results when rocks.
Body waves radiate outward from the focus in all directions and travel through solid rock. Mar 20, 2016 p waves are the fastest of the three seismic waves. Use the websites below to answer the following questions about earthquakes. Other seismic waves that are transverse waves with crest and trough and cannot travel through liquids. The two types of seismic waves described in plate tectonics, pwaves and swaves, are known as body waves because they move through the solid body of the earth. Seismic waves and sources only 1 left in stock order soon. I have included exam style questions with mark schemes. What we experience on the surface is a direct result of goings on deep underground.
Describe how the different types of seismic waves affect the rocks through which they travel. Model a best represents the motion of earthquake waves called 1 p waves compressional waves that travel faster than s waves shear waves shown in model b. The richter magnitude scale provides a measure of the intensity of earthquakes on a 1 to 10 base10 logarithmic scale. Earthquake vibrations seismic waves can be initiated by a number of subsurface actions including movement along faults, and. Surface waves are the slowest seismic waves and travel outward on the earths surface from the epicenter much like ripples do from a stone thrown into water figure 3. In this waves worksheet, students define 23 vocabulary words associated with the different types of waves and how waves are measured. There are 2 versions of worksheet for students the exercise is the same for both, and a teachers version. Students then label the fault, epicenter and focus shown in a digram. In this seismic waves activity, student will read information about the different types of waves that occur during an earthquake. Through the body of the earth these are called pwaves for primary because they are fastest and swaves for secondary since they are slower. Earthquakes and seismic waves pages 5157 types of seismic waves pages 5253 key concept. This website and its content is subject to our terms and conditions.
Seismic waves grade 8 free printable tests and worksheets. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Explain that after pwaves and swaves reach a seismometer, they are recorded by a seismograph as a series of lines on a chart called a seismogram. Secondary or s waves s waves cannot travel through air or water, only through solids, but they have a larger amplitude this is the height of a wave, measured from the highest point to the middle line so are more destructive in the case of an earthquake. Transverse waves have vibrations perpendicular to the direction of travel e. Explain that the amplitude of seismic waves is related to the amount of energy released from the source and decreases with distance from the source. What happens to p waves when they strike the inner core. Nov 07, 20 seismic waves blue primary waves followed by red secondary waves move outward in concentric circles from the epicenter of an earthquake off british columbia and washington state. It allows students to use these properties to understand how the structure of inner earth was discovered. Seismic waves worksheet as we go through the presentation, answer the questions and fill in the blanks below. Model a best represents the motion of earthquake waves called 1 pwaves compressional waves that travel faster than swaves shear waves shown in model b 2 pwaves compressional waves that travel slower than swaves shear waves shown in. P waves and s waves arrive almost simultaneously at a seismograph station the velocity of seismic waves increases as the waves cross the b.
Seismic waves move through the ground during an earthquake. A surface seismic wave generated by the interaction of pwaves and swaves at the surface of the earth that move with a rolling motion. Seismic waves are fundamentally of two types, compressional, longitudinal waves or shear, transverse waves. Earthquakes and seismic waves westerville city school.
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